Reasons for an against managing population
For
Social
Everyone is kept equal. It brings in the right amount of people where it is over populated or underpopulated.
Economic
It can make more money if more children are being born as it provides more workers. This can lead to less unemployment.
Environmental
Decreasing the population would help with the amount of energy being used and the pollution levels. Helping to increase the population could help by more people trying to save the environment (open to debate.) Managing the amount of people could help with the amount of fossil fuels being used.
Political
Managing the population size could allow a better standard of living, especially if there is currently not enough places for people to live. It may provide more food and cleaner water. It could put less strain on the government, the budget doesn’t have to be spread as far. May lead to less borrowing from other countries.
Against
Social
People may not want children or may want a lot of children, and would not be prepared to give them up. Taking away people’s free will.
Economic
People may not have enough money to look after multiple children and provide for them. If mums need to stay at home and look after the children, as child care is expensive, then it may have a negative impact on employment. A population will fewer people would mean fewer taxes being paid.
Environmental
The more people, the more houses that are needed to be built, this will have an effect on the environment. Increasing the population in some countries will still add to pollution levels and decreasing some countries populations will not help towards houses that have already been built.
Political
It takes away people’s free will and rights and leaves people with no choice.
Case Studies
China- One Child Policy
Why was it needed?
The Chinese government introduced ‘voluntary schemes’ to control birth rate. With the birth rates already falling fast, it introduced its ‘one child policy.’ For nearly 20 years after that, no couple was supposed to have more than one child. This was due to a high rate of growth in its already huge population. All couples were closely monitored by trusted members of the communist party. Couples were made to have one child only, unmarried young people were persuaded to postpone marriage. Women with unauthorised pregnancies were pressured into having an abortion. This policy no longer stands.
Singapore- ‘Three or more’
Why was the policy needed?
The Singapore government first wanted to reduce the rate of population growth but the policy was so successful that the government was forced to completely reverse the policy, as the country had become underpopulated. Tax rebates were given for the 3rd child and subsequent children. Nurseries were cheap, and children had access to good schools and families were given spacious apartments. They were encouraged to have more than 3 children to help make the population bigger and to fill job vacancies.
image-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFpM5e_6rtM
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